Pheasants, also known as pheasant or the "Phoenix bird," are renowned for their colorful feathers and elegant appearance. Though they can be wild-bred, they retain a strong wild instinct. These birds grow quickly, lay multiple eggs, adapt well to various environments, and have strong resistance to diseases. Their meat is tender, rich in essential amino acids and trace elements, making them a high-protein, low-fat game bird with medicinal value.
Pheasants are adaptable and found in many regions worldwide. They migrate seasonally, moving to higher altitudes in summer and lower, sheltered areas in autumn. Their diet consists mainly of plants such as seeds, fruits, sprouts, and grains, with occasional insects. Pheasants eat small amounts frequently and prefer to feed in short sessions.
Their wings are not strong, so they rarely fly long distances. Instead, they rely on running and jumping. They reach sexual maturity at 10–11 months and breed from May to June, laying two nests per year with 10–15 eggs each. The eggs are light yellow, oval, and weigh around 25–28 grams.
For farming, pheasants should be raised in clean, dry, and quiet areas away from pollution sources. Houses should be 32 square meters, with outdoor spaces enclosed by nets to prevent escape. In large-scale farming, buildings are typically 36m x 8m x 2m, with covered areas for movement. During hot seasons, shaded areas are essential.
Brooding rooms come in flat or cage types, with good insulation and ventilation. Flat brooding rooms are 20m x 5m x 2.5–2.8m, divided into sections with heat sources like infrared lamps. Cage-type brooding rooms allow for better management, with cages measuring 100cm x 50cm x 45cm.
Feeding equipment includes incubators, brooding racks, and watering systems. Proper feeding and management are crucial, divided into three stages: brooding (0–42 days), adolescence (42–120 days), and adulthood (over 10 months).
During brooding, temperature control is vital—starting at 35°C and gradually decreasing. Chicks need frequent feeding, water, and proper grouping. Vaccinations are given at 7, 14, and 30 days.
In the adolescent stage, pheasants grow rapidly, requiring balanced nutrition and frequent feeding. Adult pheasants are managed differently depending on breeding or egg-laying periods, with specific diets and feeding schedules.
Hatching eggs require careful handling. Eggs should not be stored longer than 5 days, kept at 18°C with 70–80% humidity. Incubation lasts 21 days, with controlled temperature and humidity. Eggs are turned regularly, and hatching occurs between day 23 and 24.
To breed pheasants out of season, farmers must plan ahead. By adjusting lighting, feeding, and timing, it's possible to achieve year-round egg production. This allows for consistent market supply and higher profits during off-seasons. With proper techniques, pheasants can be raised all year, ensuring stable income and quality stock for future breeding.
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