Sound test can diagnose Alzheimer's disease

Release date: 2007-06-05

Sound tests can diagnose Alzheimer's disease Recently, the United States began clinical trials using computer programs to diagnose early Alzheimer's disease by computer analysis of brainwaves in which subjects were subjected to some simple acoustic tests. It is estimated that 24 million people worldwide suffer from dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. Early diagnosis is not only difficult, but also a great challenge for patient care and finding new therapies. The only current diagnosis is to examine protein lesions in the brain after the patient has died. Prior to this, memory and cognitive tests were used for diagnosis. However, according to a survey completed in the United States, community hospitals can only find 75% of Alzheimer's cases, and the accuracy rate of specialist clinics and large hospitals can reach 85% - 90%. Robin Policka, a computer engineer at Roven University in the United States, developed a computer program to help doctors diagnose the disease. The results showed that the correct rate was higher than that of community hospitals. The test used an electrode cap to record brain waves when a person was subjected to an acoustic test. Subjects will hear several higher "singular" tones interspersed with a series of low-pitched tones. When singular tones appear, they need to press a button and their brain response is recorded. In a healthy person, 300 milliseconds after the appearance of a singular tone causes a peak in brain activity, which is called the P300 response. The new software can record changes in peak intensity and time. In general, people diagnosed with early Alzheimer's disease have a weaker peak and come later. In clinical trials, the researchers enrolled 28 early patients and 24 healthy individuals for comparative testing. The system performed 52 analyses on all data. Each time, it divides 52 people's information into two groups, and then determines which group the last person belongs to. The results show that its average correct rate reached 79%%, better than the general community hospitals. In practice, more patients will be tested and the results will be used to diagnose new patients. The research team hopes that future improvements will help those who do not have specialist clinics near their homes. Further clinical trials are ongoing. “We recently started a new study involving patients with Parkinson's disease,” said Polika. “About 30% of Parkinson's patients eventually develop dementia, and we want to see if we can foresee.” — Information from: Medi Medical network

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